| They couldn't play tennis because of the rain. (due to the fact) | They couldn't play tennis due to the fact that it was raining. |
| We use a drill. We make holes in wood or metal. (for) | We use a drill for making holes in wood or metal. |
| The train was delayed. Therefore, he was late for work. (because) | He was late for work because the train was delayed. |
| It was such a noisy show that I didn’t enjoy it. (so) | The show was so noisy that I didn’t enjoy it. |
| Jason learns Chinese. His aim is to work in China. (with a view to) | Jason learns Chinese with a view to working in China. |
| Linda turned on the lights. She wanted to see better. (so that) | Linda turned on the lights so that she could see better. |
| Take some sandwiches. You will be hungry. (in case) | Take some sandwiches in case you are hungry. |
| She didn't want to get bored on the train, so she took some magazines. (so as not to) | She took some magazines so as not to get bored on the train. |
| I won’t be able to attend the meeting since I’ll be on vacation. (the reason why) | The reason why I won’t be able to attend the meeting is that I’ll be on vacation. |
| I’m falling asleep because the film is boring. (such) | It is such a boring film that I'm falling asleep. |
| It was cold. Therefore, we stayed at home. (as) | As it was cold, we stayed at home. |
| I have stopped eating chocolate because I'm on a diet. (consequently) | I'm on a diet. Consequently, I have stopped eating chocolate. |
| She will call you (as soon as / until) she …… (arrive). | She will call you as soon as she arrives. |
| Mary cooked dinner (while / after) she ……… (do) the shopping. | Mary cooked the dinner after she had done the shopping. |
| Somebody knocked at the door (by / while) we …… (have) dinner. | Somebody knocked at the door while we were having dinner. |
| (Whenever / Wherever) he's in London, he …… (go) to see his grandmother. | Whenever he's in London, he goes to see his grandmother. |
| You can’t go out (when / until) you …… (finish) your homework. | You can't go out until you have finished your homework. |
| (After / By the time) he arrived, his brother …… already …… (leave). | By the time he arrived, his brother had already left. |
| Everyone knows they are not rich but they behave as if they …… (have) a lot of money. | Everyone knows they are not rich but they behave as if they had a lot of money. |
| He is a very smart boy. He looks as if he …… (know) the answer. | He is a very smart boy. He looks as if he knows the answer. |
| The sky is full of black clouds. It looks as if it …… (rain) soon. | The sky is full of black clouds. It looks as if it will rain soon. |
| Joe is on holiday now. He sounds as if he …… (enjoy) himself. | Joe is on holiday now. He sounds as if he is enjoying himself. |
| He is out of breath. He looks as if he …… (run). | He is out of breath. He looks as if he has been running. |
| He doesn't know English but he is nodding his head as if he …… (understand) what we are saying. | He doesn't know English but he is nodding his head as if he understood what we are saying. |